你有午睡的習(xí)慣嗎?
有網(wǎng)友比喻,午睡像是開盲盒——醒來會(huì)開出巨累、巨困、巨頭疼和“隱藏款”神清氣爽。還有網(wǎng)友笑稱:“午睡是一場(chǎng)真正的豪賭。”
Many internet users have compared napping to "a gamble", joking that waking up can bring anything from extreme fatigue, heavy drowsiness and pounding headaches to the "hidden prize" of feeling fully refreshed.
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有的人午睡醒了之后,頭昏腦脹,身體像魂沒有回來一樣發(fā)飄……
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也有人午睡一覺醒來,神清氣爽,像是春天的小草破土而出,充滿希望。
Some describe waking with a foggy mind and a floating, disconnected sensation, while others emerge clear-headed and full of energy.
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同樣是午睡,為什么每個(gè)人醒來的狀態(tài)各不相同?
午睡時(shí)長(zhǎng),別超過30分鐘
英國(guó)倫敦大學(xué)學(xué)院的研究人員指出,定期午睡對(duì)大腦有好處,能延緩大腦萎縮。研究發(fā)現(xiàn),有午睡習(xí)慣的中老年人,腦容量比不午睡的同齡人平均大15.8立方厘米,相當(dāng)于大腦衰老速度減緩2.6~6.5年。
Scientists say the difference often comes down to nap length. Researchers from University College London found that regular daytime rest may support brain health and is associated with slower brain ageing.
不僅如此,適度午睡還能彌補(bǔ)睡眠不足,從而預(yù)防神經(jīng)退行性疾病。但需要注意的是,午睡時(shí)長(zhǎng),別超過30分鐘!否則不僅無益,還會(huì)越睡越累,甚至還有可能增加相關(guān)疾病風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。
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一項(xiàng)發(fā)表在《睡眠》上的研究顯示:午睡超過30分鐘,睡醒之后會(huì)進(jìn)入睡眠慣性,也就是人剛從深睡眠中醒來出現(xiàn)的暫時(shí)性低警覺性、行為紊亂、認(rèn)知能力下降狀態(tài)。
Short naps can help restore energy and improve cognitive function. But sleeping for more than about 30 minutes increases the likelihood of waking from deep sleep, which can trigger sleep inertia — a state of grogginess, slower thinking and reduced alertness.
有研究進(jìn)一步發(fā)現(xiàn),日間小睡時(shí)間越長(zhǎng)、次數(shù)越多,患阿爾茨海默病的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)就越高。每天至少一次超過1小時(shí)的午睡,患癡呆的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)相對(duì)高出約40%。
Further research has found that longer and more frequent daytime naps are associated with a higher risk of Alzheimer's disease. Taking at least one nap lasting more than an hour each day was linked to about a 40 percent higher risk of dementia.
這里,需要說明的是,午睡時(shí)長(zhǎng)與疾病風(fēng)險(xiǎn)大多是相關(guān)關(guān)系,而非絕對(duì)的因果關(guān)系,因此大家也不必過于焦慮。
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日常生活中,我們?nèi)绾巫龅礁哔|(zhì)量午睡呢?以下4個(gè)午睡小技巧,教你輕松開出午睡“隱藏款”!
掌握“時(shí)間點(diǎn)”
餐后別急躺,給腸胃5~10分鐘“消化緩沖期”。剛吃完午飯,血液集中供向胃腸道幫助消化,大腦供血相對(duì)不足。此時(shí)立刻入睡,不僅容易引起大腦缺氧、醒來頭暈,還可能導(dǎo)致燒心、反酸。
建議:午飯后先溜達(dá)15~20分鐘,待食物初步消化后再躺下休息。盡量將午睡安排在下午2點(diǎn)前結(jié)束,避免影響夜間正常睡眠節(jié)律。
After lunch, take a 15–20 minute walk to allow for initial digestion before lying down to rest. Try to finish your nap by 2 pm to avoid disrupting your natural nighttime sleep rhythm.
學(xué)會(huì)“淺睡眠”
2024年美國(guó)期刊《科學(xué)》上發(fā)表的一項(xiàng)研究給出了午睡最佳時(shí)長(zhǎng):不超過30分鐘的小睡(淺睡眠)既能有效提升認(rèn)知表現(xiàn),也能讓大腦進(jìn)入最佳狀態(tài)。
建議:定好鬧鐘,將午睡嚴(yán)格控制在20~30分鐘。這個(gè)時(shí)長(zhǎng)足以讓大腦得到修復(fù),又不會(huì)讓你陷入“醒不來”的困倦中。
Set an alarm to strictly limit your nap to 20–30 minutes. This duration is enough for your brain to recover without leaving you stuck in that "can't wake up" drowsiness.
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“睡姿”很重要
姿勢(shì)要躺平,避免伏案午睡,能躺著別趴著。趴在桌上午睡,身體無法舒展,會(huì)導(dǎo)致血液循環(huán)不暢,增大血管的壓力。趴在胳膊上睡覺,也會(huì)使身體多處神經(jīng)受到壓迫。
建議:條件允許時(shí),盡量采取平臥位,讓身體和大腦得到最充分的放松。如果條件所限只能趴著睡,可以使用U型枕或軟墊墊高額頭,避免直接壓迫眼球和面部。
When conditions allow, try to lie flat so that your body and brain can fully relax. If you have no choice but to nap while leaning on a desk, use a U-shaped pillow or a soft cushion to elevate your forehead, avoiding direct pressure on your eyes and face.
醒后“慢起身”
醒后慢起身,伸腰+透氣,讓狀態(tài)緩慢恢復(fù)。午睡后不宜立即快速起身,因?yàn)樗邥r(shí)血液循環(huán)相對(duì)緩慢,突然起身可能導(dǎo)致短暫腦供血不足,出現(xiàn)頭暈、眼前發(fā)黑等癥狀。
建議:午休結(jié)束后,先慢慢站起來,做一些輕微的伸展或散步,適量飲用溫水,可以幫助身體從休息狀態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)換到活躍狀態(tài),快速恢復(fù)精力,學(xué)習(xí)工作起來更有效率。
After your nap, stand up slowly, do some gentle stretches or take a short walk, and drink some warm water. This will help your body transition from a resting state to an active one, quickly restore your energy, and make studying or working more efficient.
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以上,你學(xué)會(huì)了嗎?
最后,愿大家在午睡這場(chǎng)“賭局”里都能收獲“神清氣爽”buff,每天活力值拉滿!
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來源:外研社UNIPUS 科普中國(guó) 丁香醫(yī)生
跟著China Daily
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